Because of their opportunistic nature, molds (also
known as fungi) are often a source of environmental inhalants in the
home. Fungi are generally dependent on other organic substances for
nutrients and energy. These molds generally grow in refrigerators,
shower stalls, basements, houseplant mulch, and filters used with
evaporative coolers and humidifiers.
Although most fungi grow best in warm humid environments, there is no
region of the
earth’s surface where they do not exist. They are found from the arctic
to the tropic zones, in both salt and fresh water, and in desert soils.
Depending on the type of mold, spores may be dispersed by rainfall,
humidity or wind. Spores are most commonly found in homes near lowland
areas and lakes, and older homes with damp basements. The attic is
another prominent place for mold growth.
Molds can cause year-round clinical signs with flare-ups during the
winter months or
during humid seasons. The following are some of the most common molds.
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| Alternaria |
Aspergillus |
Cladosporium |
Penicillium |
Fusarium |
ALTERNARIA: Windows, doorways, basements, evaporative coolers and
humidifiers
ASPERGILLUS: Houseplants and houseplant mulch, kitchen mold
CLADOSPORIUM: Bathrooms, shower stalls, condensate on tile, behind
baseboards, wood paneling and floors
PENICILLIUM: Soil, fruits, breads, cheeses
FUSARIUM: Stored fruits and vegetables, field crops There are several
steps you can take to control the growth of molds in your home.
Spray wherever possible with fungicidal products to help eliminate
spores.
Change filters on cooling systems, furnaces, and humidifiers frequently.
Use dehumidifiers to reduce the population of mold spores.
Avoid houseplants, as the mulch tends to encourage mold growth. If you
cannot remove houseplants, try spreading fish tank charcoal over the
soil.
Be sure to add algae killer to your fish tank. Scrub the decorations
with chlorine bleach and rinse well before returning them to the tank.
Use synthetic fibers in pet bedding. Wash the pet bedding frequently in
hot water.
If the pet sleeps on the bed, frequently wash bedding in hot water.
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